Here is a page with links to all the major asphalt roofing manufacturers. I recommend browsing their websites to shop for ideas on what roofing you would like on your house. Some of these companies produce other products that you will want too, and will find on their websites.
So how many types of wood and composite wood siding are there? Well, aside from shingles and shakes, there are these:
Some of these are available in composites, which are sometimes partially made of wood sawdust or chips, and partially plastic. As far as we know, they last longer than wood, and require much less paint or preservatives, if any. I think they are a good idea, but they are, as you might expect, more expensive. Eventually, composites will more often be made of recycled materials, because it is possible and oil for plastic will get more expensive. Did you know that Maine is the home of some of the nations leading experts in composites, and many are manufactured here?
Regular solid wood clapboards are usually made of cedar. They have two sides: one is smooth and the other is less smooth. If you are planning on staining them, you might get a more interesting look if you expose the rougher side. If you are going to paint them, the smooth side is usually favored.
It is important to buy stainless or rust proof nails when fastening clapboards or shingles, or expect that the rust will penetrate your stain or paint eventually and leave rust lines on your siding.
There are several perfectly nice ways to finish wall. Stone Veneer is one. If you choose a good quality veneer, and install it correctly, it will outlast many other choices. It lends the appearance of greater strength and endurance to a home.
Shingles and shakes suggest to me a cottage-like facade, something from rural europe or the New England coast. On a very large home, they still suggest a feeling of smallness and age. They can be arranged in creative patterns or applied in selected places. Some people refrain from sealing them and let them age. The sunny side will be grey, and the north wall will be darkening browns. To maintain a consistant color, I think it is worth the time to dip all your shingles and shakes in weatherproofing of some kind before installing them, unless they come presoaked. There are numerous kinds of shingles and shakes.